Device for controlling the flow of anesthetic from a reservoir

ABSTRACT

The present invention may be embodied as a device for selectively opening or closing an anesthetic reservoir, the device having a first component adaptable to a reservoir and a second component adaptable to a vaporizer. The first component may have a base, a nozzle, and a through-hole. The second component may have a support member with a knob for engaging the through-hole of the first component and preventing liquid from flowing from the through-hole. The first and second components may be threaded to engage with each other such that when the components are twisted relative to each other, the knob may move toward or away from the through-hole to prevent or allow liquid flow.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This application is a continuation of application Ser. No. 12/274,819, filed on Nov. 20, 2008 (now pending), which claims the benefit of priority to U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 61/110,401, filed on Oct. 31, 2008, and U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 61/110,417, filed on Oct. 31, 2008; the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to valves for controlling liquid anesthetic flow from a container.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Liquid anesthetics are often packaged in glass bottles and shipped to a location where they may be used to anesthetize a patient, who is undergoing a medical or dental procedure. Such anesthetics may also be used to induce analgesia in a patient who is undergoing a medical or dental procedure. In order to administer the anesthetic, the contents of the glass bottle are placed in a vaporizer. The vaporizer may be used to vaporize the anesthetic, and provide the vaporized anesthetic in a desired amount to the patient.

Inhalable anesthetics are typically volatile substances with relatively low boiling points and high vapor pressure. Preferably, the anesthetic should be used in a way which will ensure there is little or no release to the atmosphere at all stages of handing. In order to transfer the liquid anesthetic to the vaporizer, the bottle must be opened. Since it is unwise to expose medical personnel performing the procedure to the anesthetic, and since anesthetics are expensive, devices have been developed to minimize the release of anesthetic from the bottle to the environment surrounding the vaporizer.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention may be embodied as a device for controlling the flow of liquid anesthetic from an anesthetic reservoir. Such a device may include a first component capable of being sealed and affixed to a reservoir and a second component adaptable to a vaporizer. The first component may have a base and a nozzle, the nozzle being externally threaded. A through-hole may extend through the base and nozzle. The second component may be cylindrically shaped and may have an inner surface which defines an aperture. A support member may extend into the aperture and a knob may extend from the support member for engaging the through-hole of the first component and preventing liquid and vapor from flowing via the through-hole. A portion of the second component may be internally threaded. The threads of the first and second components may be configured to engage with each other such that when the components are twisted relative to each other, the knob may move toward or away from the through-hole to prevent or allow liquid flow.

A torsion spring may be attached to the first component and the second component to bias the components to prevent fluid flow from the assembly. In this manner, anesthetic in the reservoir can not escape unless a force is applied to counter the force imposed by the torsion spring. The second component may have a stud with a mounting hole for attachment of the torsion spring. An O-ring may be disposed on the first component to provide a fluid seal between the first component and the second component.

The second component may have a cylindrical outer surface which may further comprise one or more indexing tabs. The indexing tabs may be evenly or unevenly spaced around a circumference of the second component. The indexing tabs may be configured for engaging one or more keyways in the vaporizer. The keyway(s) may be configured such that only a second component with a specific indexing tab arrangement may be inserted into the vaporizer.

The support member may have a downstream side suitable for depressing a plunger located on a vaporizer receiving port in order to open the vaporizer for additional anesthetic.

The base of the first component may be internally threaded for engaging threads located on the reservoir. The first component may have at least two notches for receiving indexing nubs on the reservoir such that when the configuration of the notches coincides with the that of the indexing nubs, the proper base will be used with the reservoir.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

For a fuller understanding of the nature and objects of the invention, reference should be made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 depicts a device according to the invention connected to an anesthetic agent bottle;

FIG. 2 depicts the device of FIG. 1 showing the device in a “closed” position;

FIG. 3A is a cross-section of the device shown in FIG. 1 taken along A-A showing the device in an “open” position;

FIG. 3B depicts a cross-section (along B-B) of the device shown in FIG. 2 showing the device in the “closed” position;

FIG. 4A depicts an embodiment of the second component of a device according to the invention as viewed along the aperture;

FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view of the second component shown in FIG. 4A taken along C-C in FIG. 4A;

FIG. 4C is a side view of the second component shown in FIG. 4A;

FIG. 4D is a perspective view of the second component shown in FIGS. 4A and 4C;

FIG. 5A depicts another embodiment of the second component of a device according to the invention as viewed along the aperture;

FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view of the second component shown in FIG. 5A taken along D-D in FIG. 5A;

FIG. 5C is a side view of the second component shown in FIG. 5A;

FIG. 5D is a perspective view of the second component shown in FIGS. 5A and 5C;

FIG. 6A depicts an embodiment of the first component of a device according to the invention;

FIG. 6B is an end view of the first component shown in FIG. 6A taken from the nozzle end;

FIG. 6C is a cross-sectional view of the first component shown in FIG. 6A taken along E-E of FIG. 6A;

FIG. 6D is a perspective view of the first component shown in FIG. 6A;

FIG. 7A depicts a device according to the invention in a “closed” position and a vaporizer receiving port;

FIG. 7B is a cross-sectional view of the device and vaporizer receiving port of FIG. 7A taken along F-F in FIG. 7A;

FIG. 8A depicts the device of FIG. 7A in an “open” position and inserted into the vaporizer receiving port;

FIG. 8B is a cross-sectional view of the device and vaporizer receiving port of FIG. 8A taken along G-G in FIG. 8A;

FIG. 9A depicts the device of FIG. 1 attached to a reservoir;

FIG. 9B is a cross-sectional view of the device and reservoir of FIG. 9A taken along H-H in FIG. 9A;

FIG. 10A depicts a device according to another embodiment of the invention and a vaporizer receiving port both in “closed” positions;

FIG. 10B is a cross-sectional view of the device and vaporizer receiving port of FIG. 10A taken along I-I in FIG. 10A;

FIG. 10C depicts the device of FIG. 1 OA inserted into the vaporizer receiving port of FIG. 10A—both in “opened” positions; and

FIG. 10D is a cross-sectional view of the device and vaporizer receiving port of FIG. 10C taken along J-J in FIG. 10C.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The present invention may be embodied as a device 10 for selectively opening or closing an anesthetic reservoir 70. One such device 10, depicted in FIG. 1, may include a first component 12 and a second component 20. The first component 12 may have a base 14 and a nozzle 16. The first component 12 may be adaptable to a reservoir 70 so that the base 14 may be in a sealing relation with an opening 72 of the reservoir 70, for example as depicted in FIGS. 9A and 9B. The base 14 may be attached to the reservoir 70 using, for example, internal threads 13, which are capable of engaging external threads 75 located on the reservoir 70 or on a collar of the reservoir 70. The base 14 may include at least two notches 17 for engaging indexing nubs 74 on the reservoir 70 or on a collar of the reservoir 70. A particular configuration of the nubs 74 may be used with a particular anesthetic. When the base 14 has notches 17 that coincide with the nubs 74, the proper base 14 for that anesthetic will be used.

FIGS. 3A and 3B depict a device 10 wherein the nozzle 16 may have an externally threaded portion 18. A through-hole 22 may extend through the base 14 and the nozzle 16. In this manner, a liquid contained within the reservoir 70 may flow from the reservoir 70 through the through-hole 22 and exit an orifice 24 in the first component 12. Upon exiting the orifice 24, the liquid is provided to the second component 20.

The second component 20 may have an aperture 26 defined by an inner surface 28 (see, e.g., FIGS. 4A-4D and 5A-5D). The inner surface 28 may have an internally threaded portion 30 to receive the externally threaded portion 18 of the nozzle 16. A support member 32 may extend into the aperture 26 from the inner surface 28. The support member 32 may occlude a portion of the aperture 26 but does not divide the aperture 26. In this manner, there may be a single passageway 38 leading from a first side 34 of the support member 32 to a second side 36 of the support member 32 (see, e.g., FIGS. 3A and 3B).

A knob 42 may extend from support member 32 toward the internally threaded portion 30. In this manner, by twisting the first component 12 and second component 20 relative to each other, the externally and internally threaded portions 18, 30 cause the knob 42 to move toward or away from the orifice 24, depending on the direction in which twisting occurs. The knob 42 may be caused to be inserted in the orifice 24 and seated against the nozzle 16 thereby preventing liquid and vapor, which may be contained in the reservoir 70, from traveling from the reservoir 70 through the orifice 24 via the through-hole 22. This may result in the device configured in a “closed” position as depicted in FIGS. 2 and 3B. Twisting the components 12, 20 to move the knob 42 away from the orifice 24 may result in an “open” position as depicted in FIGS. 1 and 3A.

In operation, a single path is provided for liquid to travel from the reservoir 70, through the through-hole 22 of the first component 12, and through the aperture 26 of the second component 20. Similarly, vapor may travel in the opposite direction to the reservoir 70 along the same path. Because only a single path is provided, liquid will not travel from the reservoir 70 along this path at the same time that vapor is traveling into the reservoir 70, and vice versa.

A torsion spring 44 may be attached to the first component 12 and the second component 20 in order to provide a spring force to bias the first component 12 and the second component 20 to a pre-determined position relative to each other. The second component 20 may include a stud 23 having a mounting hole 25 for attaching the torsion spring 44 (see, e.g., FIGS. 4A and 4D). The torsion spring 44 may bias the device 10 to a “closed” position wherein the knob 42 is seated in the orifice 24 and against the nozzle 16 as described above. In this manner, anesthetic in the reservoir 70 cannot escape unless a force is applied to the first or second components 12, 20 to counter the force imposed by the torsion spring 44. For example, when a reservoir 70 with an attached device 10 is inserted into a vaporizer, twisting the reservoir 70 requires a force sufficient to overcome the force of the torsion spring 44 so that the first component 12 is caused to rotate and thereby open the device 10.

The threads 18, 30 between the first and second component 12, 20 may be configured such that rotating the reservoir 70 to open the device 10 will cause the threads 13, 75 between the reservoir 70 and the first component 12 to engage further (“tighten”). In this manner, there is a reduced risk of detaching a reservoir 70 full of anesthetic from the device 10 when trying to open the device 10. When rotating the reservoir 70 to close the device 10, the reservoir 70 is likely to be emptied of its contents, and therefore the risks associated with detachment are reduced.

An O-ring 56 may be disposed in a circumferential groove 58 of the first component 12, for example, as shown in FIGS. 2A and 6A. The O-ring 56 may protrude above an outer surface 54 of the first component so as to provide a fluid seal between the first component 12 and the second component 20.

The second component 20 may have an outer surface 46 which may be adapted for insertion into a vaporizer. The outer surface 46 may have a smooth cylindrical shape (see, e.g., FIGS. 5C and 5D). One or more indexing tabs 48 may be disposed on the outer surface 46. When more than one indexing tab 48 is used, the indexing tabs 48 may be evenly or unevenly spaced around a circumference of the second component 20. When the second component 20 is inserted into a vaporizer receiving port 52 of a vaporizer, the indexing tabs 48 may fit into keyways 50 of the vaporizer receiving port 52 (see, e.g., FIGS. 7A, 7B, 8A, and 8 b). The indexing tab(s) 48 and keyway(s) 50 may prevent the second component from rotating relative to the vaporizer receiving port 52 such that the device 10 may be opened or closed by rotating the reservoir 70. A particular configuration of the keyways 50 may be used with a particular anesthetic. When the second component 20 has indexing tabs 48 that coincide with the keyways 50, the proper second component 20 for that vaporizer will be used.

The support member 34 of the second component 20 may have a downstream side 35 adapted for pushing a plunger 53 which may protrude into the vaporizer receiving port 52. The plunger 53 may operate an opening mechanism in the vaporizer which allows anesthetic liquid provided by the reservoir 70 through device 10 to enter the vaporizer. The downstream side 35 of the support member 34 may be, for example, substantially flat such that a force applied to the plunger 53 by the downstream side 35 is directed substantially along a longitudinal dimension of the plunger 53.

FIGS. 10A and 10B depict a non-limiting example of a device 10 in a closed position (as described above) and a vaporizer receiving port 52 with a plunger 53. In this example, the vaporizer receiving port 52 is “closed” because the plunger 53 is configured to obstruct an outlet 57 of the vaporizer receiving port 52. FIGS. 10C and 10D depict the device 10 inserted into the vaporizer receiving port 52 and the downstream side of the support member has depressed the plunger 35, thereby removing the obstruction of outlet 57, and “opening” the vaporizer receiving port 52. In this manner, when a reservoir 70 with a device 10 is inserted into the vaporizer receiving port 52 of a vaporizer, the downstream side 35 of the support member 34 can depress the plunger 53 to open the vaporizer for anesthetic. The reservoir 70 may then be rotated so as to open the device 10 and allow liquid anesthetic to flow into the vaporizer.

Although the present invention has been described with respect to one or more particular embodiments, it will be understood that other embodiments of the present invention may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Hence, the present invention is deemed limited only by the appended claims and the reasonable interpretation thereof. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A device for controlling the flow of liquid anesthetic from an anesthetic reservoir comprising: a first component having: (a) a base that is adapted to be fixedly secured to an opening of a reservoir; and (b) a nozzle attached to the base and having at least one external thread formed thereon, wherein the nozzle and the base define a passage extending therethrough; and a second component having: (a) an inner surface and an outer surface which is adapted to couple with a anesthetic device, wherein the inner surface has at least one internal thread engaged with the external threads to moveably couple the second component to the first component; and (b) an occlusion member fixedly attached to the inner surface; whereby relative rotation between the first component and second component causes the occlusion member to move from a first position in which the passageway is open to a second position in which the passageway is sealed by the occlusion member.
 2. The device of claim 1, wherein the occlusion member comprises a cantilever support member having one end fixedly attached to the inner surface and a knob attached to a free end of the support member.
 3. The device of claim 1, wherein the first component has screw threads formed in the base, wherein the screw threads are adapted to mate with mating screw threads formed on an anesthetic reservoir.
 4. The device of claim 1 further comprising a biasing member coupled to the first component and the second component to thereby bias the second component relative to the first component in a direction causing the occlusion member to seal the passageway.
 5. The device of claim 1 further comprising one or more indexing tabs disposed on the outer surface of the second component.
 6. The device of claim 5 wherein the indexing tabs are distributed around a circumference of the second component in a spaced apart relation to correspond to a desired anesthetic device.
 7. The device of claim 1 wherein the base at least one notch formed therein and configured to receive at least one indexing nub formed on an anesthetic reservoir.
 8. The device of claim 1 wherein the first component has a circumferential groove formed therein and an O-ring disposed in the circumferential groove.
 9. The device of claim 1 wherein a downstream side of the occlusion member is adapted to interact with a plunger of an anesthetic device.
 10. The device of claim 1, wherein, in the second position, the occlusion member presses against an end of the nozzle. 